Strep throat is the throat wall thickened or swollen, red colored, no white spots and feels pain when swallowing food.
What causes strep throat?
Viruses and Bacteria
* Coxsackie virus (hand, foot, and mouth disease).
* The bacteria streptococcus, confirmed by throat culture. This test is generally performed in the laboratory using the patient's throat swab. Can be found the classic symptoms of strep bacteria such as severe pain on swallowing, visible white spots, vomiting - vomiting, ulcers in thyroid gland, thyroid gland enlargement accompanied.
Most sore throats are caused by two types of viral and bacterial infections. Approximately 80% of sore throats are caused by viruses and only about 10-20% caused by bacteria. To be able to handle it, it is important to know that experienced infections caused by viruses or bacteria streptococcus.
Viral infection is usually the cause of colds (colds) and influenza which later resulted in the occurrence of strep throat. Colds usually resolves itself around a minnu so your body forms antibodies against the virus.
Treatment with antibiotics is not effective for treating viral infections. In contrast, antibiotics can cause resistance or immunity of germs to antibiotics. When the bacteria have been resistant to these antibiotics, when the antibiotics we use, will no longer effective in killing germs. As a result, the illness will not recover.
Recognize common symptoms of strep throat caused by viral infection as follows:
* Pain or itching and dry.
* Coughs and sneezes.
* Slight fever or without fever.
* Raspy or hoarse voice.
* Runny nose and fluid in the back of the nose.
Infections caused by influenza viruses are highly contagious and easily spread. In this condition, inflammation lasts about three to ten days. Generally, the inflammation was more severe in the morning and gets better as the day progresses.
Usually accompanied by weakness, decreased appetite, fever, and cough. Sore throat is also found in other viral infections such as boils and measles. The body needs a week to build up antibodies to destroy the viruses.
Infectious mononucleosis, or commonly called Mono is caused Epstein Barr virus, and requires more time for this sembuh.Virus affect the lymphatic system, causing enlargement of the tonsils and white patches appear on its surface. In addition, swelling of glands in the neck.
"Such infections usually cause a severe sore throat, thus making the patient have difficulty breathing. This virus also causes fatigue that can last more than six weeks, "said Specialist ENT Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital (RSCM), Dr. Widodo AS.
He said, sometimes the virus also attacks the liver and causes jaundice. Although given the nickname Mono Kissing Disease, she can not only be transmitted through saliva.
Transmission can also occur from the mouth to the hand, then from hand to mouth or from the use of towels or cutlery together.
For bacteria, the most common and most serious in terms of complication is the group A streptococcus betahemolitis. This bacteria causes strep throat disease and is associated with valve damage in the heart (rheumatic fever) and kidneys (nephritis), tonsillitis, pneumonia, sinusitis, and ear infections. Another cause of sore throat is the laryngo-pharyngeal reflux (LPR).
Patients typically experience pain in the throat in the morning when stomach acid rises up and into the back of the throat.
"The throat feels a lump and sour taste. Patients often removing phlegm to clear the throat, "he said.
Additionally, sore throat can also be caused by mouth breathing habits, allergies, trapping foreign objects such as fish bone in the throat, air pollution, alcohol, or cigarettes. Heat a dry winter and breathe through the mouth due to chronic nasal obstruction also causes a dry throat and sore.
"From various causes, the most common cause is viral infection. The bacteria that most commonly causes strep throat is a bacterium streptococcus about 15-30 percent of cases, "he added.
In most cases, these complaints will subside by itself. To help relieve the pain, doctors usually prescribe a pain reliever is. For example acetaminophen (paracetamol) or ibuprofen can help relieve pain and fever. Gargling with warm salt water can also help. It could also anesthetic mouthwash.
Bacterial infections are less frequent viral infections, but its impact could be more serious. Generally, sore throats caused by streptococcal bacteria, so-called inflammatory type of streptococcus. Often a person suffering from a streptococcal infection because infected people who have been suffering from inflammation of the previous 2-7 days. Inflammation is transmitted through nasal or throat secretions.
Recognize common symptoms of streptococcal sore the following:
* Tonsils and swollen neck glands
* Berwarana the back of a bright red throat with white patches.
* Fevers are often higher than 38 degrees celsius and is often accompanied by intense shivering
* Pain when swallowing.
Inflammation of streptococcal require a doctor's help because if the cause is strep germs and not get adequate antibiotics, the illness will get worse and germs can attack the heart valves leading to rheumatic fever disease.
Irritation and Allergy
Irritation can also be a culprit of strep throat. This is due to food intake, foods that are too spicy, too sour, too hot or cold, and foods that are too gummy. "Gummy foods, eg fruits. So, not all fruit is safe, especially in those who have allergies, because it can irritate the throat. "To prevent it," Better not eat fruits in the number too much. "
Irritation is also common among those working in the factory environment. Installation of chemical substances that are inhaled can cause irritation and inflammation of the throat. Therefore, it is important to wear a mask. In addition coughs and colds can also cause irritation of the throat that trigger inflammation.
While allergy is a hypersensitivity reaction to people who have it. Allergies can be caused by various things, like food and drinks, certain drugs, weather, and dust. Substances that cause allergies are called allergens. When an allergen enters the body people with allergies, your body will release substances that cause allergies. Consequently, certain reactions, such as itching or coughing.
Some people have a history of allergies to certain foods or beverages such as: nuts, eggs, fish, fried, soft drinks, alcohol and ice. There is also yamg allergic to dust, animal dander, cold weather etc.. Compounds of allergy-causing substances (allergens) will be recognized by the body as foreign.
To a food allergy can cause a reaction in the throat sore. In addition, strep throat often experienced by those who are allergic to certain fruits and processed products, such as juice. "Be careful, not all juices are safe for people who experience recurrent sore throat due to allergies. Frequent cough and sore throat. Most often precisely in tomato juice. "
Cooking oil is also a frequent cause of allergies and cause laryngitis. "People who are allergic to the frying oil should always change the oil every time you fry."
Allergies can not be treated because it is innate from birth. The best way to avoid allergic reactions is to avoid the cause and improve or maintain endurance. "The better the endurance, the lower the sensitivity levels that cause allergic reactions."
It is recommended the patient wherever possible to avoid allergens (allergens).
Smoke
Bad habit of smoking can also be a cause of strep throat.
Treatment
Before giving medication, it is very important for doctors to find the cause of strep throat in order to establish the correct diagnosis with the aim of preventing antibiotic that is not right for most people with sore throats because it may cause the organisms that are resistant to antibiotics.
The doctor will examine your throat and lymph nodes in the neck. Continuation approach is to test throat swab to determine the presence or absence of bacteria. Throat swab should be done if there is a suspected diagnosis of strep throat caused by streptococcal bacteria on the basis of clinical and epidemiological findings and patients not taking antibiotics.
Throat swab culture results are usually the only tests required. However, sensitivity to antibiotics also needs to be done in patients who are allergic to penicillin because of streptococcal bacteria that are resistant to erythromycin.
1. ANTIBIOTICS
A common antibiotic that can be used are Amoxicillin, Cefadroxil, and Ciprofloxacin. Drink 2-3 times a day and since this antibiotic is to be spent. Remember, if you are taking antibiotics then it should be spent as directed. The use of continuous antibiotics is not recommended because it will lead to resistance (immunity) from the bacteria that cause inflammation or other bacteria sehinngga people develop super bug (resistance to antibiotics).
2. Analgesic and antipyretic
These medications such as Panadol, aspirin, paracetamol generic. As an anti piretik to relieve the heat and flavor sakit.Obat is useful as a pain killer to reduce pain and reduce the heat. Treatment can be stopped when the heat has gone down or the pain has disappeared.
3. Mouthwash
To relieve the symptoms of strep throat and make effective treatment, patients can be given a mouthwash such as: Tantum verde or Efisol Liquid.
4. Multivitamins
Drink vitamin C or B complex. Vitamins are useful for quickly restoring the immune system. Choose a cheap or expensive. Even better if people get natural vitamins from fruits. Oranges and bananas are rich in vitamin C can prevent inflammation.
